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How to Replace Window Panes

A damaged window pane can be an inconvenience. It can also be a chance to upgrade your glass to energy-efficient or insulated windows to reap benefits like improved comfort, increased potential for resales, and less bills.

This is a project you could take on yourself for less than the cost of hiring an expert. It requires the right equipment and an hour or two of your time.

Glass

If your single-pane windows are old broken, deteriorating or damaged replacing them with modern glass that is tempered or insulated will increase energy efficiency and decrease noise while also preserving the historic integrity of older homes. The process of replacing a window pane is relatively easy and can be accomplished by most homeowners who possess basic hand tools. Alongside a replacement window glass double glazed window (additional hints) pane, the following components are needed: latex glazing putty; glazier's points; pliers; and the use of a heat gun to warm the old putty, if needed. Before starting, put on gloves and safety glasses as working with broken glass could cause injuries.

Take out any broken glass pieces remaining. This can be done with the help of pliers but a flathead screwdriver can also work in a pinch. Then, use a wood chisel or putty knife remove the rest of the old putty from around the frame and sash. Be careful to not scratch the window sash. Be careful and slow. It is best to do this on a stable ladder rather than on the ground and place someone on the sash to help hold it in place.

Once you have removed all of the old putty, you can prepare the window frame to fit the new pane. To allow for seasonal expansion or replacement double glazed window contraction, subtract 1/8 inch each from the measurements of width and height. Take these measurements to an hardware store or home center, and have a piece of stock glass cut to size. You can also cut the glass yourself, if you have the right tools.

After putting in the new glass Apply a small amount of caulking around the edge. This will make the glass weatherproof. Then, you can install a glazier's pointing on each side of the frame to secure the pane into its place. The points should not be so tight as to cause friction between the sash and frame, but they also shouldn't be too loose.

Before putting the putty on, knead it thoroughly until it is smooth and free of lumps. Then make it into pencil-sized strips. Apply the first strip to the frame's corner. Work from one corner to the next, making sure it is even and smooth.

Glazier's Points

The glazier’s points are small triangular pieces of metal that help secure the glass to the frame without causing damage to the delicate surface. It's easy to understand how to use this nefarious tool, and you'll be able to save money on the expense of a professional installation.

After the old putty as well as glazier's points are removed, thoroughly clean the frame with a utility knife to get rid of any remaining residue. Lightly sand the wood into the rabbet grooves, if necessary, to smooth rough areas. If you decide to sand wood, protect it with painter’s tape to protect it from damage caused by accidental sanding.

Write down the exact dimensions of the frame. These measurements can be taken to an hardware or home centers store and the new pane will be cut a bit smaller. This will ensure a tight fit and leave room for replacement double glazed window expansion and contraction.

Place the new pane into the frame and push firmly with your hands. Utilize the point of the chisel, or the back of the putty knife to tap the glazier's points, as shown in Figure 11. The glazier's point should be flush against the top edge of your pane and the shoulders should be just beneath that lip.

Apply a thin layer of glazing compound on the rabbet grooves and edges of the new glass. This will seal and protect the edges. Allow it to dry completely and cure.

After the glazing compound dries, you're ready to install the new window sash. First, coat the wood with a thick coat of Linseed oil. This will stop the new putty from drying out or cracking due to the moisture it absorbs. Use a brush to apply this coat, or the point of the putty blade. Then, use the chisel on the back of the tool or the back of the handle to gently smash the new sash or glazier's tip into the grooves of the rabbet. Repeat this process at intervals of 10 inches all around the frame.

Putty

A baseball hit or a rock thrown in error, or a tree falling can cause a broken or cracked window. The majority of windows can be replaced by putting in a new piece. The glass is held in place by a small metal clip called the glazier's pointed and putty, also called glazing compound. Before installing a new pane, first remove the old one and clean the area with an abrasive and the pull-type paint scraper or an abrasive wood chisel. Wear protective glasses and gloves while you do this work. If the window is glued to the frame, you'll need make use of a heat gun to soften the adhesive before prying it free.

If you're planning to install the original sash in the future, take care to remove the molding pieces that hold the old pane in place. Sand the sash until it's flat and ready for new caulk. Once the sash is reinstalled, you can apply a silicone caulk on the glass. This will ensure that it won't be leaking or fade over time.

Take the glazing points out of the rabbets, or the grooves in the sash, where the glass sits. If they're difficult to work out, try holding the hand tool, such as a heat gun over them to soften them up first. If you're using a heat gun, be cautious not to scratch the railings of the sash or the sash itself by placing the tool too closely.

Once the old glaze points and putty have been removed make a bed for the new pane. Roll a rope of glazing compound between your hands, shaping it into a 1/2-inch thick. Then, press it into the rabbets, where the glass replacement windows will sit. The glass must be positioned against the putty on both sides. If needed you want to tap your glass lightly into the rabbet using your thumb.

If the new pane has cracked, you can use a silicone caulk or glass glue based on solvents to seal the crack before pressing it into the sash. If not, you'll have to apply putty over the crack to create an airtight seal and keep water out. After the putty has dried then clean the oily film off the glass using a rag and allow it to completely dry before painting. If you paint before the putty is completely dry, it will not form a solid seal and could discolor or leak in time.

Paint

You might be worried about replacing a broken piece of glass. In reality, replacing a single pane glass doesn't have to be expensive when you do it on your own. Even a double-paned window can be replaced for a fraction of what it would cost for a professional.

If you're working with large glass windows, first make sure it is securely fixed to the frame. By using the correct tools and techniques, you can accomplish this task fairly easily and fast.

When you are ready to begin taking down the old window pane. Pry out the glazing points made of metal that are attached to it. These are basically small metal triangles that function as "nails" which hold the window in place in the wood frame. They are buried beneath a layer of glazing putty that is then cured to form a solid, molded wedge which holds the window in place and hides the points.

After you have removed the old pane removed, clean up the surrounding frame and wood. Scrape off any paint that has been used and sand down the rabbet grooves where the glazing points were. Sand them down to bare wooden surfaces so you can paint the frames with the same shade. After the sanding process, apply a coat of flax oil to the wood that is not sanded down to help extend its lifespan.

Then, you need to measure the size of the window's opening. It is necessary to take horizontal and vertical measurements of the entire opening, as well as the thickness of the old pane. Subtract 1/8 inch from each measurement to ensure that you get a precise size for the new pane. This will also allow for expansion and contraction of the glass in times of seasonal changes. Take these dimensions to a hardware or home improvement store and have a piece cut for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.