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How Do Planar Magnetic Headphones Work?

Planar magnetic headphones are less distorted than dynamic drivers. This is due to the fact that they vibrate the entire diaphragm, not just the portion that connects to the voice coil.

They also have a larger soundstage, and better separation and differentiation capabilities. They leak more and require isolation to avoid disrupting the people nearby.

The diaphragm

The diaphragm is a key role in [almost] all sound transducers (headphones and loudspeakers, as well as microphones) that move air to create sound. In headphones the diaphragm is suspended between two magnets, and generates an electromagnetic field upon activation by audio signals. In a planar headphone, the current of electricity from the source of the headphone is transmitted to the diaphragm via a coil. This coil generates a magnetic field that causes the diaphragm to vibrate.

The sound produced is transmitted to your ear via the diaphragm's suspension. It is often made of an artificial material like neodymium or titanium. This allows the diaphragm to resonate with your ear at different frequency. Planar magnetic headphones can deliver high SPLs, without sounding distorted.

Planar magnetic headphones aren't only capable of reproducing high SPLs but also have the best soundstage. This is because the flat diaphragm creates the planar wavefront rather than the spherical focused wavefront found in many dynamic drivers. The headphones produce an acoustic environment that is more natural, which is easier to localize.

Another advantage of planar magnetic headphones is their outstanding transient response. This is the ability to recreate peaks that last only a few seconds in audio signals, like crashes of cymbals and kick drum strikes. The diaphragm is large and moves evenly across the surface, so there is no distortion when the peaks are achieved.

However, planar magnetic headphones do have some disadvantages which should be taken into account when choosing a set. One of the primary reasons they are more expensive is that they tend to be significantly larger than their dynamic counterparts. The main reason is the complexity of the driver and the image of the brand.

Fortunately, there are excellent, affordable planar magnetic headphones that can be purchased for under $100. In addition to their impressive performance, these headphones are available in open-back and closed-back designs which means you can pick the one that fits your listening habits best. Audeze LCD-2 Classics and HIFIMAN Arya Stealth Magnets Edition are two of the best headphones on the market.

The voice coil

Planar magnetic headphones are well-known for their precision and accuracy with exceptional detail and clarity across the entire frequency range. This is largely due to their flat, thin diaphragm, which is sandwiched between two arrays magnets. When an electrical signal from your audio source is sent through the conductive materials, the windings in the vocal coil interact with the magnetic field and cause the dialym to oscillate. This produces sound waves.

The benefit of a planar-type driver is that each vibration is evenly distributed and at the same rate, regardless of the location where the diaphragm is placed within the magnetic field. This results in a more uniform sound quality with less distortion and an even wavefront that is more comfortable for ears. Dynamic drivers however tend to create sound waves that are less uniform and more round.

Due to the way in which they operate, planar magnetic drivers require a stronger amplification system than their dynamic counterparts. They are also larger and heavier because of their larger, more flexible membrane. They require an external amplifier or DAC in order to drive them.

In addition that, planar magnetic drivers are more expensive than their dynamic counterparts since they are typically constructed from top-quality materials. However, a handful of specialized HiFi audio headphone manufacturers have started to revive this old technology in recent years. We're seeing a wide range of new headphones that have planar magnet drivers that provide the best listening experience.

The choice between planar and dynamic headphones is an individual choice based on personal taste and budget. Planar magnetic headphones have an enlargement of the sound stage than dynamic models, and are known for their exceptional quality and precision. Dynamic headphones are more expensive, but they have a heftier bass and a warmer sounding signature.

In general dynamic driver headphones generally have a little more punch and slam than planar magnetic driver magnetic models, but the differences are not often apparent to most listeners. They also have better imaging and distinction. There are exceptions to the general rule. Some excellent planar-magnetic headsets can be bought at affordable costs.

Magnets

In a typical headphones with a dynamic driver, the electrical impulses sent by your audio source go through a coil of conductory material which interacts with the magnetic fields inside the driver. These are used to bend the diaphragm flat and create sound waves. Planar magnetic headphones use the thin layer of conductive material sandwiched between powerful magnets. They're more difficult to produce and are the reason they're more expensive.

They also tend to be heavier and larger due to their design which requires more space around the drivers. They also use more power than their counterparts with dynamic drivers which means that they'll require an amp specifically designed for headphone planar magnetic use to maximize their performance. Although this isn't a constant issue, it's something to be aware of when thinking about these headphones.

It's not true for all headphones, but a lot of the best planar-magnet headphones have an open, airy sound. This creates the impression of space, which is quite appealing to certain listeners. They also provide a wider soundstage, which is useful when listening to music together with others.

The open-back design is a favorite option for a variety of boutique headphone brands, including the likes of HiFiMAN and Audeze. They're not as well-known as closed-back ones, but they are an excellent way to explore the planar magnetic technology. The HiFiMAN Sundara, for example is a fantastic opportunity to feel the speed, precision and detail of these headphones.

The housing

You might have heard of planar magnet headphones, if you are an audiophile, or even if you just enjoy good music. They have a distinctive look with a flat embedded diaphragm and are available in both over-ear and open-back headphone designs. In addition to their unique design, these headphones also use different working principles that are different from dynamic drivers.

In contrast to the traditional moving coil driver that relies on a voice coil to produce sound waves the planar magnetic headphones utilize an array of magnets that move the diaphragm in a circular motion to create sound. Depending on the configuration, these arrays may be located on either or both sides of the diaphragm. The magnets are activated by an electrical signal that passes through the voice coil, causing it to vibrate. The vibrations generate magnetic fields which interact with the magnets at either end of the diaphragm. The interactions cause the diaphragms to pull and push against the magnetic fields. The audio signal is represented using sound waves.

Because of this, planar magnetic headphones typically sound more fuller and offer superior bass extension capabilities. The large, flat diaphragm reacts much quicker to changes in the input signal, so they can respond faster to bass response and are less susceptible to distortion. This gives them a tighter and more controlled sound that some audiophiles appreciate.

But, even though these headphones might be able to reproduce higher frequencies, they don't have the slam or punch of modern high-end dynamic driver headphones. They can be difficult to hear to for those who wish to listen to hard or metal rock music.

Due to their unique design due to their unique design, planar magnetic headphones are more expensive than other types of headphone. They also require a dedicated amplifier and digital audio converters to provide power to the drivers. Some people may feel that the price of these headphones is higher, but they think that it's worth it. However, it's important to be aware that there are different headphone types available for Headphone Planar magnetic those who don't want spend more than they have to.