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It's an proxy, also called a proxy server. It's a program that functions as a mediator between server and a client over the internet. Without a proxy, a user would be able to send a request or resource to the server directly and then the server would deliver the resource directly at the request of the customer. Although this method is simple to comprehend and implement the addition of proxies can provide advantages in the form of enhanced performance as well as privacy, security and many other benefits. As a pass-through layer, a proxy serves as an additional security layer on the internet between servers and clients.




The general consensus is that the mix of hardware for servers and software used to set up proxy installations is commonly referred to as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers that are typically classified as software as well as when referring to web servers. The article will provide a detailed discussion of the two principal kinds, namely which are a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. They each have their own use scenario, which is often not understood due to the similar terminology.




This article will provide you with some understanding about what proxies are and what their subtypes are, and how they work in the common configurations. After reading this article, you'll be able determine the situations that you can gain by a proxy, and decide which is the best choice between reverse and forward proxy options for every situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy also known as the open proxy acts as the representative of a customer who wants to make a request through the internet to a source server. In this scenario, the entire request sent by the user is instead sent to the forward-proxy. This forward proxy, acting as a substitute for the client will examine the request. The first process is to determine if the client is able to accept requests through this specific forward proxy. The client then decides if it wants to decline a request and forward it to its origin server. The client is not capable of having direct access to the internet. It can access only what forward proxy permits it to connect to.




A common use of forward proxy servers is to obtain more privacy or protection online. Forward proxy can be used to connect to the internet lieu of a client, and in this manner, it may use a different IP address than the initial IP address.




Based on the way it has been configured, the forward proxy can provide various functions based on the configuration that allows you to:




Stay clear of tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions based on your location.




Forward proxies are also used for security systems that are centralized and based on permission access, such as at work. All internet traffic can pass by an open forward proxy, an administrator could permit only a handful of clients access to the internet using a common firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls for the client layer which may comprise a variety of devices with various configurations and users, a firewall can be placed in the intermediate layer of forward proxy.




It is important to remember that forward proxies must be set up manually to use however reverse proxies will remain undetected by the clients. Depending on the type of IP address of the user is sent to the server that originated it from forward proxy privacy and anonymity may be granted or unnoticed.




There are a myriad of possibilities to explore for forward proxy options:




Apache is a well-known open-source web server that provides forward proxy functions.


Nginx is a different well-known open-source webserver that comes with forward proxy functions.


Squid is an open source forward proxy that makes use of an HTTP protocol. It does not come with an entire web server application. You can check out our guide on how to install Squid proxy to connect privately for private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it better to handle peer-to-peer connections. It is also possible to investigate how to set up an Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



The reverse proxy acts as the server that handles client requests in its place. The web server may serve as a one server or as a set of servers. It can also be used as an app server, such as Gunicorn. In either of these scenarios the request will come from an internet-connected user. In most cases, the request will be directly sent to the web server which contains the resources the user is requesting. Instead, a reverse proxy functions as an intermediary, shielding it from direct contact with the open internet.




From the viewpoint of the user, working with reverse proxy is not different from interacting with your webserver directly. It's essentially the same, and the user doesn't see the difference. Clients make a request for a resource that is then followed by receiving it, without any extra configuration required by the user.




Reverse proxies offer features like:




Centralized security for the web server layer.


The sending of traffic in accordance with rules you can define.


Additional functionality for caching.




While central security is a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy servers. Reverse proxy services provide this benefit to the web server layer, but not the client layer. Instead of the maintenance of firewalls on the layer of web servers which could contain multiple servers with various configurations, the majority of firewall security may be handled by the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, getting rid of the burden of interacting with firewalls and communicating with clients who request information from web servers lets them concentrate on serving resources.




If multiple servers are operating in a reverse proxy The reverse proxy takes care of how requests are routed to the server. There could be multiple web servers offering the same service, each providing different kinds of resources, or a combination of the two. They may use the HTTP protocol for a traditional web server, but they might also include protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can create a reverse proxy to route users to specific servers based on the resource requested or to follow specific rules for traffic volume.




Reverse proxies also profit from their placement on top of web servers, as they provide the ability to cache data. Large static assets can be configured with caching rules in order to avoid from hitting web servers with every request. Certain solutions providing the option to upload static files directly, without connecting to a web server even once. Furthermore, the reverse proxy can manage the compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server is also an extremely popular reverse proxy service. Although Apache can also be a reverse proxy solution however, the Apache web server also has a reverse proxy functionality as an option that can be added to Apache and Nginx was initially designed and specifically focused on reverse proxy functions.



Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Use



Since "forward" along with "reverse" have connotations of directionality, as well as false comparisons to "incoming" in addition to "outgoing" traffic, these labels can confuse because both types of proxies deal with requests and responses. The best method to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy is to analyze the requirements of the app you're creating.




Reverse proxy is a crucial feature when you are developing a solution to serve web-based applications via the internet. They are your web servers during any interaction via the internet.




A forward proxy is useful when used in front of customers for your own usage, or in a working environment. They act as your client's proxy for any interaction on the internet.




The use case-based differentiation as opposed to focusing only on the common name conventions can make it easier to avoid confusion.



Conclusion



The article explained the significance of a proxy, with the two main types being the reverse proxy and forward proxy. Practical scenarios for using them as well as a discussion of most effective features were employed to differentiate between forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're interested to learn more about the benefits of proxies then you can read our guide on how to install Nginx as an reverse proxy and an internet server using Apache using Ubuntu 20.04 Server. Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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