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How Does Machine Espresso Work?

The machine espresso makes use of precision pressure, and filtering technology that is amazing to make the coffee you love. But how exactly does it work?

To make an espresso, hot water is forced under high pressure through finely ground coffee machines espresso. The process is similar to making drip coffee, but the major difference is in the pressure.

The Group Head

As the name implies the group head is where you place your portafilter while brewing espresso. It is responsible for dispersing the water into the portafilter and controlling the pressure of the extraction. There are several different types of group heads, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. Some focus on temperature stability, while others on pre-infusion options, and others are designed to control the lever. Some have a combination, like the E61. This is a popular choice among baristas due to the fact that it has multiple benefits in one package.

As you can see in the above photo the group head comes with several notches where you place your portafilter before twisting it by hand to lock it in. A gasket made of rubber is positioned inside the notches to help create a seal while you insert your portafilter. The notches on the head allow for an exact positioning of the portafilter which is necessary to ensure a consistent extraction.

The group head not only allows you to insert your portafilter easily however it also keeps a constant temperature. This is accomplished by cycling hot water around the portafilter, and through the brew basin, ensuring that the temperature is at the right level to extract the coffee. It is important to remember that even a few degree difference can make the difference between a decent and a excellent espresso.

The Pump

Contrary to manual piston machines which rely on a lever to pressurize water, Rotary espresso machines rely on motorized pumps that provide the nine atmospheric bars of pressure needed for espresso extraction. The pressure is built by pumping water through a heat-exchanger and then through the ground coffee.

Pumps are typically less expensive and last longer than piston-driven machines. However, both kinds of machines may degrade because of frequent use and insufficient cleaning. Pumps are also more complicated mechanically, which can increase prices of even simplest models.

Certain espresso machines eliminate the pump entirely and utilize steam pressure to make espresso. This can cause over-extraction because the boiler that makes steam also warms the water to boil. The machines must also continually rebuild their pressure between cups. This takes energy and time.

Many espresso machines make use of either a vibration or rotary pump. A vibration model uses a rotating disk to generate pressure, whereas the rotating model pushes hot water through the ground at a rapid speed. Both machines can make excellent espresso but rotary machines are quieter, more durable and less likely to break.

The Boiler

The boiler is what heats the water to the perfect temperature to extract. The steam that is produced reaches the portafilter which holds ground espresso beans and is then pumped down into the cup. The steam generates enough pressure to push the coffee grounds through. This results in a layer of crema on top. This is a hallmark of a great espresso.

There are three types of espresso makers. They differ in the kind of pump they use and the degree of heat that the coffee is. There are a variety of ways that the brew may be controlled and the dimensions of the cup the machine is capable of making.

The first espresso machines were steam-type. They used only one boiler to make both steam and brew, but the pressure they could create was minimal - two bars of atmospheric pressure at most. This resulted in the coffee tasting burnt and bitter. This is the reason Milanese producers Luigi Bezzerra and Desiderio Pavoni created the modern espresso machine.

The most commonly used espresso machine is a semiautomatic that has an electric pump. These are what people imagine when they think of an espresso machine. Semi-automatic machines require you to grind and tamp the beans yourself however the pump controls the water flow and pressure. This is a perfect combination of human control and mechanized accuracy.

The Filter

Typically, espresso Machines Espresso machines have filters to separate the grounds of coffee as they move through the hot water. The filter is also an important component of the temperature control system as it prevents the machine from overheating.

It also helps with flavor as a filter can allow for a longer bloom phase. This allows the beans to release their flavors, and allows for better extraction.

However, it is important to remember that even a great filter can make a terrible cup of coffee, since the quality of the beans and extraction is still important.

It's in this area that the magic occurs. This is the reason why espresso tastes so good. The grouphead (also called the brewhead) is where you put the portafilter, machines Espresso machines the device which you put the grounds of coffee into while making espresso.

Steam-driven espresso machines use hot water that is heated inside an airtight container to produce steam. The steam then moves hot water through the coffee grounds under high pressure. These machines are less expensive and easier for the owner to maintain than pumps-driven models. They are however limited to create the perfect conditions for brewing, as they operate with 1-1.5 bar of pressure. The ideal shot requires 9-10 bars.

In recent years, espresso machines powered by a compressed air compressor have become increasingly popular. They use an air compressor to push hot water through the ground, and are more mobile than steam-driven electric espresso machines.