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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects 40 million people in the United States. It's highly treatable, with many types of medications available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They aren't addictive, unlike benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety treatment natural medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which include citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These drugs also treat depression, and they can help relieve the symptoms of other anxiety disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). They can take up to a month to begin working.

These drugs are effective by increasing the quantity of certain chemical transmitters within the brain. This includes serotonin and norepinephrine as well as dopamine. These drugs are usually the first choice for treating anxiety, though doctors may also prescribe other types of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants, such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are also used for anxiety. They function a bit differently than SSRIs, as they also reduce the reabsorption rate of norepinephrine and serotonin, but at lower levels than SSRIs. These medicines take a long time to take effect and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine Tofranil, can be effective for treating anxiety disorders. However their drowsiness and other adverse effects make them less popular. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are a different kind of antidepressant used to combat anxiety. However, their dietary restrictions and high risk of toxicity limit their use.

Benzodiazepines are used to treat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These medications can cause dependence, tolerance, and sedation as well as withdrawal symptoms such as a depression, anxiety, and delirium. The most commonly used benzodiazepines are alprazolam (Xanax), Clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is an important part of the treatment for anxiety as it can help you discover more about the symptoms and the root causes. Many people discover that medication and therapy both aid in coping. Some studies suggest that cognitive therapy is just as effective as anxiety medications. Talk with your physician about your options and what might be best for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines create an calming effect, reduce anxiety and relax tense muscles. They also reduce symptoms of fear-related bodily arousal (like heart rate and trembling) and promote sleep.

They work by binding to inhibitory neurons, such as GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids and bind to receptors in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effects of GABA on other neurotransmitters, and reducing the number of messages sent to the amygdala. This is a part of the brain that evaluates threats and creates a sense of fear.

These medicines are often taken for short durations, such as during panic attacks or an anxiety episodes. They may relieve symptoms within 30 to 60 minutes. In contrast to SSRIs which are a long-lasting medication, benzodiazepines do not stay in the body for a long time. They are fast acting and can work within a few hours. This makes them perfect for situations when rapid relief is required (such as during an airplane ride or before giving a presentation in public).

They are addictive, and it is recommended to only prescribe them for a maximum of 4 weeks at a time. They also lose effectiveness after a period of time.

One of the main reasons benzodiazepines are so popular is that they are efficient and have few side effects compared to their predecessors, such as barbiturates or meprobamate. They have a rapid time to begin their action and are very useful as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety) as well as sedatives and anticonvulsants, as well as for muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for the negative attitudes towards anxiety that developed in the 1970s and 1980s which included the reduction of the disorder, and the perception that benzodiazepine treatments result in physical dependence. Despite this the fact that benzodiazepines play a crucial role in the treatment for anxiety disorders, especially when combined with psychosocial interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy and other interpersonal therapies.

Benzos can interact with other medications and cause unwanted side effects, like drowsiness or confusion. It is important to inform your doctor know about any other prescription, non-prescription, or herbal medication you're currently taking or thinking about taking. Check the British National Formulary A to Z list of interactions with medications to find out what medications are safe with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can ease anxiety and other mental health problems. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved antidepressants to treat other health conditions, including eating disorders, bipolar disorder, and certain types of pain.

SSRIs are often prescribed as a first-line treatment option for anxiety by doctors, but they may not work for all people. If they don't work doctors might consider a different type of antidepressant, known as tricyclic or tetracyclic antidepressants. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline, as well as clomipramine. They're less common than newer antidepressants, but still readily available. Your doctor may also prescribe the antidepressant that sedates, trazodone (Desyrel) in lower doses for anxiety or sleep.

Nefazodone, also known as Ferdinand (Cymbalta) and duloxetine can also be helpful. These drugs are also available in generic form. If they don't help your doctor, you can try the antipsychotics quetiapine and Olanzapine or the sedative antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Other medications for Menopause Anxiety Treatment disorders include beta blockers that reduce the blood pressure and heart rate by blocking the actions of adrenaline. These medications are not typically used to treat anxiety by themselves however they can be effective when used in conjunction with psychotherapy.

Psychological therapy can help you change negative thoughts and behaviors that cause anxiety. It will help you learn to manage your driving anxiety treatment and build coping skills. Based on the severity of your situation, you may be treated with cognitive behavioural therapy or exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioural therapy teaches you to confront unhelpful and fearful thoughts, and overcome your fear of situations that cause anxiety. The process involves increasing the intensity of anxiety-inducing situations until they become manageable. It can be done in a group or on your own. In both instances, it takes time to achieve results. Some people find that a combination of medication and psychotherapy is the best option. Some people find that medication alone is enough to control symptoms. Tell your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medical Treatments

Other medications can help alleviate your symptoms. Beta blockers and antihistamines are sometimes prescribed to relieve anxiety.

These drugs can help you ease your symptoms, by reducing or blocking the signals that trigger anxiety and stress. They're not a panacea. You'll need to continue doing other things to control anxiety, such as exercises as well as relaxation techniques and psychotherapy.

Your doctor may first prescribe one of the "first choices" anxiety medications, which include SSRIs and SNRIs. According to studies, these medications are the most effective in treating anxiety disorders. SSRIs are typically found in sertraline (Zoloft) as well as Citropram, fluoxetine, and escitalopram. These drugs may cause minor side effects, like insomnia or nausea, but they usually subside within 4-8 weeks. They aren't addictive, and they do not increase the likelihood of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam (Xanax), Clonazepam (Klonopin) and diazepoxide (Valium) provide immediate relief from anxiety and panic attacks However, they can cause side effects, including dizziness, drowsiness and coordination issues, and dependence. They're less well-known over the more traditional barbiturates but are just as efficient.

Antihistamines like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were originally developed to relieve allergies. However they also serve to ease anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks histamine receptors in the brain, and can trigger an energizing effect. It's not a controlled substance and therefore doesn't carry the same dangers of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are an additional type of medication which can be used to treat anxiety. They have been proven to reduce anxiety by blocking the production and release of dopamine as well as sérotonin. They may be prescribed in combination with other medications or as a short-term treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will evaluate your health history and symptoms to determine whether these medications are suitable for you. They will discuss the length of time you'll need these medicines and any potential adverse effects that could occur. Anxiety medication is only available on prescription, so a psychiatrist will be required to prescribe it.