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window repair Sash Repairs

Regularly inspect the window sashes for damage, mildew, and mold. You can avoid the cost of repairs in the future by catching problems early on, before they become out of control.

The sash is the internal framing that moves vertically either up or down in windows that are open. This article will show you how to perform simple repairs to sash.

Weather Stripping

Wood window sashes add the classic look to your home. If properly maintained, they will last for a long time. However, they can become damaged or degraded with time due to exposure or normal wear and tear. Thankfully, sash repair experts can restore your windows to their original condition and maintain their appearance for longer than replacement windows.

The first step in sash Window Repair repairs is addressing weather stripping, which can be found on both the sash and frame. If it's worn or loose, out, it can cause drafts and other issues. Start by identifying the window brand and the glass manufacturer's date (etched on the glass's corners, or the aluminum spacers between panes). Then, remove the sash and mark its height and width to find the appropriate weather stripping replacement to match.

Then, remove the sash and set it on a table to allow access to all four sides. If the sash is double-hung, you'll also need to remove the weights and the ropes that go with them, which should have fallen into the pocket of the jamb liner. After removing the sash using the utility knife, remove the weather stripping that was left by hand or with the putty blade.

Once the sash has been cleared, you can install the stoppers that separate the two sashes. They are long pieces of wood that are used to separate the two sashes. Pam likes to replace these with standard 1/2-inch-by - 3/4-inch window trim from the lumberyard, however you can also replace them with scrap wood.

After removing the stoppers for parting and trimming them to the desired length, apply a thin layer of glazing compound to the bottom of the sash. Smooth the compound with your putty knife, then let it dry for at least a few days. When the putty is fully cure and dried, you can apply a topcoat of acrylic. This will protect the putty, and give your sash a modern appearance.

Sash Hardware

The hardware that supports the window sashes can wear out with time and use. This could result in windows or doors that is difficult to open or close. The good news is that repairing and replacing this hardware is typically quite simple and inexpensive. If a sash becomes difficult to operate try spraying grease into the jamb channel, and then open it to see if this fixes the problem. If the issue continues it's most likely that the sash balance is off. You will need remove the window sash in order to get access to this part of the hardware.

Window sashes should open and close without much effort. However, this could be difficult if weights are worn out or the sash-to-rail connecting rail isn't properly coated. This problem can be caused by a number of reasons, such as insufficient maintenance or a mismatched weight rating for the specific sash.

If the hinge arms of a window begin to slide, this could cause the sash's to drag and eventually land on the frame in the corner directly opposite the hinge arm (Photo 1). To fix this issue, first make sure the sash is firmly seated in the opening of the frame and then take it out of the window. If the sash has been screwed to the hinge arm, you'll need to remove the hinge arm and replace it (Photo 2). Install the new sash next (Photo 3).

Windows that are old, especially in older houses, can be difficult to close and open due to hinges that are sagging and an overall lack of energy efficiency. In many cases it is a matter of making a few minor adjustments that can make these windows operate smoothly again and help homeowners save money on energy costs.

To make these repairs to sash it is essential to have all the necessary tools in place before you begin. Begin by marking the location of the hinge channel on the frame with pencil (Photo 1). This will help you to place the channel in the correct location after you've completed. Remove the sash and take out all the hardware including the parting beads, cords, and chains that keep the sash in place. Soften any hardened putty using a heat gun set to medium and fitted with an shield to block the nozzle. Remove the old sash, and store it in an labelled bag.

Sash Weights

Whether your window sash repairs are to replace a damaged cord or just to keep your windows functioning by replacing worn out weights on sash can improve sash operation and help reduce the energy cost. Sash weights are made of heavy lead or iron cylinders that are encased inside a concealed cavity, and connected by a rope to the movable window sash. These weights provide counterbalance that allows the window to be shut and opened without the use of electrical or mechanical devices. The sash weights are usually neglected or ignored by homeowners and turned into scrap when they fail; therefore you might need to locate replacements.

It's not easy to retrieve an sash-weight which has fallen from the cavity, so you'll want to find one that fits correctly. You will also need an additional piece of string, a length of sash cord, and a few sash pulleys to connect the new sash weights to the sash cord.

Mortise and Tenon joints are used to join older wood windows. The wood pegs holding the components together can be removed using pin punches and hammers. The majority of these pegs are large on one side, but smaller on the other. It is essential to remove first the smaller diameter sides. Sashes that were made later in the century used glue instead of pegs. They can be separated by cutting the glue line using an instrument, and then tapping the mortised part loose with a mallet.

After the sash is removed then you can take out the stopper on the sash and get access to the weight pocket. Usually, this is done through an opening at the bottom of each jamb. The hole is then covered with the wooden panel which can be removed to reveal the inner workings.

When the sash has been shut off and the access panel has been removed, you can remove the weight you used and replace it. Make sure you weigh the sash prior to you do this, as the old weights could be different in size from what is needed. Once the new weight is in place, tie a string to it and then thread it through the sash pulley. Then, you can nail the string to the boxed frame, leaving a few inches of string protruding from the head for future adjustments.

Sash Cords

The majority of double-hung windows with a history have a cord or chain attached to the weights which supports and keeps the sashes in balance within the jamb. Over time, these cords can become damaged and make it difficult to raise windows. A new sash cord can restore the ability to move the sash upwards and downwards and keep it in place when opened.

To replace sash cords the first step is to remove the access panels from the jambs. They are usually attached by nails or screws and need to be removed. It may be possible to remove them using the hammer or chisel but it is always better to lay out dust sheets before beginning any work.

Once the access panel is removed, you can start working on the sash. Take the narrow beads (also known as "tie rails") out of their grooves using a chisel or flat bar. It is essential to be patient, as these are often stuck or nailed to the floor. If the sash remains in place, remove the mortise and tenon joints using the help of a hammer and pin or screwdriver, then unhook the wood pegs that are on each component. The sash should be able move around freely now, however it may need some lubrication in order to feel less stiff.

With the sash in an open position, measure enough sash cord/chain to extend from the pulley on the top of the jamb to the sash slot in the bottom. Cut the cord or chain and secure it as in the previous step. You can either employ a hammer, screws or nails, however nails are less likely to cause damage.

If you haven't purchased an upgrade kit to replace the old counterbalance system it's recommended to keep the original balancing weights in place. They are not expensive and easy to install if you purchase them from architectural salvage stores. Depending on the dimensions and shape of your window, you may require one or two sashweights in order to keep it open.