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How to Replace Window Panes

A damaged window pane could cause a lot of trouble. It could be a chance to upgrade your windows to energy efficient or insulated ones and enjoy advantages like improved comfort, increased resale values and reduced utility bills.

You can do it yourself for less than what it would cost to hire an expert. It requires the right equipment and an hour or two of your time.

Glass

If your single-pane windows are outdated damaged, cracked or deteriorating replacing them with modern glass that is tempered or insulated will increase energy efficiency and reduce noise while preserving the historic integrity of older homes. The majority of homeowners with basic hand tools can repair a window pane. In addition to a replacement pane, the following tools are required for the replacement process: latex glazing putty glazier's points; pliers; and a heat gun for warming the old putty, if needed. Wear safety goggles and gloves prior to beginning. Working with broken glass can cause serious injuries.

Take out any broken glass pieces that remain. It is best to use pliers however a flathead could work equally. Then, use a wood chisel, or putty knife, to remove the rest of the old putty around the frame and the sash. Be careful to not break the window sash. Work slowly and carefully. It is recommended to work using a sturdy ladder rather than on the ground and to have someone stand below the sash to help keep it steady.

Prepare the window frame to accept the new pane when you have removed the old putty. Find the width and the height of the opening in the sash by subtracting 1/8 inch from each measurement (to allow for seasonal expansion and contraction). Bring these measurements to a hardware store or home center and find a piece glass cut to size. You can also cut the glass yourself if have the right tools.

After putting in the new pane After installing the new pane, apply a small amount of caulking around the edge to make it weatherproof. Install a glazier’s point on both sides of the frame. This will help secure the pane. The points should not be so tight as to cause friction between the sash and the frame however they shouldn't be loose.

Before applying the putty, work it in a gentle manner until it is smooth and free of lumps. Make it into pencil-sized strips. Apply the first strip to the corner of the frame. Work from one corner to another and ensure that it is even and smooth.

Glazier's Points

The glazier's facets are small triangular pieces that help secure glass into a window frame without scratching or damaging the delicate surface. It's easy to understand how to use this secret tool and you can save money on the cost of an installation by a professional.

After the old putty and the glazier's points have been removed Clean the frame thoroughly using a utility knife to remove any remaining residue. Lightly sand the wood into the rabbet grooves to smooth out rough areas. If you do sand your wood, be sure to protect it with painter's tape to avoid accidental damage.

Note down the exact dimensions of the frame. Bring these measurements to a hardware store or a home center, and have the new pane cut slightly smaller than the frame's opening. This will ensure that the pane fits comfortably and allows for expansion and contraction.

Place the new window in the frame and push it in place by using your hands. Then, use the tip of your chisel or the back of the putty knife to tap in the glazier's points as shown in Figure 11. The glazier's points should be in line with the top edge of the pane and the shoulders raised should be just below the lip.

Apply a thin layer of glazing compound on the rabbet grooves and the edges of new glass. This will seal and protect the edges. Let it dry completely and cure.

Once the glazing compound has dried and the glazing compound is dry, you can install the new window sash. First, you need to coat the wood with a thick layer of linseed. This will stop the new putty from drying out and cracking due to the moisture it absorbs. Use a brush to apply this coat, or the tip of the blade. Then, use the chisel on the back of the tool or the back of the handle to gently smash the new sash or glazier's point into rabbet grooves. Repeat this process at intervals of 10 inches all around the frame.

Putty

A baseball hit, a rock thrown in error, or a tree falling could result in a broken or cracked window. Luckily, most windows can be easily replaced by simply putting a brand new piece of glass in its place. The glass is held into place by a small metal clip, called a glazier’s point and putty. This compound is also referred to as glazing compound. Before installing a replacement Glass windows pane, first remove the old one and clean the area using an abrasive and a pull-type paint scraper or an abrasive wood chisel. Wear gloves and safety glasses while working. If the window is attached to the frame, you'll need make use of a heat gun to soften the adhesive prior to taking it off.

If you are planning to replace the original sash in the future, take care to remove the molding pieces that are used to secure the old pane. Then you can sand the sash down to ensure it's level and window panel Replacement ready for a new caulk. After the sash has been re-installed, apply a new silicone caulk around the glass to ensure that it doesn't swell or fade in time.

Take the glazing points out of the rabbets, or the grooves in the sash that the glass is. If they're difficult to work out, try holding the hand tool, such as a heat gun to soften them first. If you're using a heated gun, be cautious not to scratch the railings or sash by holding the tool too closely.

Once the old glazing points and putty are removed, prepare a bed for the new pane. Roll a rope made of glazing compound between your fingers, and then make it about 1/2 inch thick. Then, press it into the rabbets where the glass will sit. The glass must be positioned against the putty on both sides. If you need to, lightly tap your glass into the rabbet with your thumb.

If the new pane is cracked, you can use the silicone caulk or glass glue that is based on solvents to fill in the crack before pressing it in the sash. Otherwise, you'll need to apply putty on the crack to form a tight seal and keep water out. After the putty has dried remove the oily film from the glass and let it dry completely before painting. If you paint before the putty has completely dry, it won't form a solid seal and could leak or discolor over time.

Paint

You may be concerned about replacing a broken piece of glass. It's true that replacing a single piece of glass doesn't need to be costly even if you do it your own. In fact, even a double-pane window can be replaced at less than the cost of an expert.

If you are working with large glass windows first ensure it is securely fixed to the frame. Using the proper tools and techniques to complete this task easily and fast.

When you are ready to start, remove the old window pane. Remove the metal glazing points that are attached to it. They are basically tiny metal triangles that act as "nails" which hold the window in place within the frame of wood. They are placed under a bead of glazing putty that transforms into a solid molded wedge that secures the window in place and hides the edges.

Once you have the old pane taken away, clean up the surrounding frame and wood. Scrape away any old paint and sand down the rabbet grooves where the glazing points were. These should be sanded down to the point of being bare, to allow you to paint them the same color as the rest of the frame. After the sanding process, apply a coat of flax oil to the wood's surface to help extend its lifespan.

The next step is to determine the width of the window opening. You'll need to take vertical and horizontal measurements of the entire opening, and also the thickness of the old pane. Subtract 1/8 inch from each measurement to ensure that you have the exact size for the new pane. This will allow for seasonal changes in the glass. Bring these measurements to your local hardware or home improvement store, and they will have cut the glass for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.