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Latest Depression Treatments

If your depression doesn't get better through psychotherapy and antidepressants, new drugs that act quickly may be able to treat treatment-resistant depression.

SSRIs which are also known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the most commonly prescribed and well-known antidepressants. They work by altering the way that the brain processes serotonin.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is also referred to as cognitive behavioral therapy assists you in changing negative thoughts and behavior such as hopelessness. The NHS offers 8 to 16 sessions.

1. Esketamine

The FDA approved a new treatment for depression in March of 2019 nasal spray known as esketamine (brand name Spravato). It is derived from the anesthetic ketamine, which has been shown to be effective in cases of severe of depression. The nasal spray is applied in conjunction with an oral antidepressant for depression that hasn't responded to standard medication. In one study, 70% of people suffering from treatment resistant depression who received this medication did well - a more rapid response rate than using an oral antidepressant.

Esketamine is different from traditional antidepressants. It increases the levels of neurotransmitters that transmit messages between brain cells. The results don't come immediately. Patients usually feel better after a couple of days, but the effects last longer than with SSRIs or SNRIs. Those can take weeks to months to begin to show effects.

Researchers believe that esketamine reduces depression symptoms by enhancing connections between brain cells. In animal studies, esketamine reversed the breakdown of these connections that can be seen in chronic stress and depression. In addition, it seems to stimulate the development of neurons that could help to reduce suicidal ideas and feelings.

Another reason esketamine is different from other antidepressants is that it is delivered through an nasal spray, which allows it to reach the bloodstream much faster than a pill or oral medication could. The drug has been found to reduce depression symptoms within hours, and in certain individuals, the effects are almost immediately.

A recent study that followed patients for 16 weeks revealed that not all who began treatment with esketamine were in remission. This is disappointing, but not surprising according to Dr. Amit A. Anand, a ketamine expert who was not part of the study.

Esketamine is available only in clinical depression treatments trials or in private practice. It is not considered a first-line treatment option for depression and is typically prescribed when SSRIs or SNRIs have not worked for a person with treatment-resistant depression. The doctor can determine whether the disorder is resistant to treatment, and then determine whether esketamine could be beneficial.

2. TMS

TMS utilizes magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain. It is noninvasive, does not require surgery or anesthesia and has been proven to improve depression in people who don't respond to psychotherapy or medication. It is also used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and tinnitus.

TMS treatment for depression is usually given in a set of 36 daily treatments spread over six weeks. The magnetic pulses may feel like pinpricks in the scalp. It could take some time to become accustomed to. Patients can return to workplace and go home straight after a treatment. Based on the stimulation pattern used the session TMS session can last between 3.5 and 20 minutes.

Researchers believe that rTMS can alter the way neurons communicate. This process, referred to as neuroplasticity, allows the brain to create new connections and modify its function.

TMS is FDA approved for treating depression in cases when other treatments like medications and talk therapy have not worked. It has also been proven be effective in treating tinnitus and OCD. Scientists are also exploring the possibility of using it to treat Parkinson's and anxiety.

Although a number of different studies have found that TMS can help with depression but not everyone who gets the treatment benefits. Before attempting this type of treatment, it is important to undergo an exhaustive mental and medical evaluation. TMS is not a good option if you have a history or certain medications.

If you've been suffering from depression but aren't experiencing the benefits of your current treatment plan, a chat with your psychiatrist may be helpful. You may be eligible to participate in a TMS trial or other forms of neurostimulation. But, you must first try a variety of antidepressants before your insurance company will cover the cost. If you are interested in knowing more about these life-changing treatments, contact us today to schedule a consultation. Our experts will guide you in deciding if TMS treatment is the right one for you.

3. Deep stimulation of the brain

A noninvasive therapy that resets the brain's circuitry may be effective in just one week for patients suffering from depression that is resistant to treatment. Researchers have devised new strategies that deliver high-dose magnetic signals to the brain quicker and at a time that is that is more manageable for patients.

Stanford neuromodulation therapy, now available in the Advanced Psychiatric Therapeutics Clinic at the UC Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences utilizes MRI images to guide electrodes to deliver magnetic pulses to specific areas of the brain. In a study conducted recently, Mitra and Raichle observed that in three-quarters (75%) of patients with depression, the usual flow of neural activity from the anterior cingulate cortex to the posterior insula was disrupted. SNT returned the flow meds to treat anxiety and depression normal within a couple of days, coinciding perfectly with the lifting of depression.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an even more extensive procedure, may produce similar results in certain patients. Neurosurgeons will perform a series tests to determine the most appropriate location before implanting one or more leads inside the brain. The leads are connected with an electrical stimulation device, which is inserted beneath the collarbone. It appears like an electronic pacemaker. The device delivers continuous electric current to the leads, which alters the brain's circuitry and helps reduce depression symptoms.

Certain psychotherapy treatments like cognitive behavior therapy and inter-personal therapy, may also relieve depression symptoms. Psychotherapy can be offered in one-on-one sessions with an expert in mental health, or in a group setting. Some therapists offer online health.

Antidepressants are still the primary treatment for depression, and in recent years there have been significant advances in how to treatment Depression quickly these medications can work to reduce symptoms of depression. Newer drugs, such as gepirone (Exxua), esketamine (Spravato), brexanolone (Zulresso) and dextromethorphan-bupropion (Auvelity), all have been shown to work faster than older antidepressants.

Other treatments employ magnetic or electric treatment for depression stimulation to stimulate the brain, for example electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). These are more complicated procedures that require a doctor's supervision. In certain instances they may cause seizures or other serious side effects.

4. Light therapy

Bright light therapy, which is sitting or working in front of an artificial light source, has been known for many years to help with major depressive disorder and seasonal patterns (SAD). Research has shown that bright light therapy can decrease symptoms such as sadness and fatigue by boosting mood and regulating the circadian rhythms. It is also beneficial for those who suffer from depression that is sporadic.

Light therapy mimics sunlight, which is a major element of the biological clock called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The SCN is associated with mood, and light therapy may alter circadian rhythm patterns that can cause depression. Light therapy can also lower the production of melatonin and improve the function of neurotransmitters.

Some doctors use light therapy to treat winter blues. This is a milder type of depression that is similar to SAD however it has fewer people affected and is more prevalent during the seasons in which there is the least amount of daylight. To achieve the most effective results, they recommend that you sit in the light therapy box for 30 minutes every morning while awake. Light therapy can produce results within a week, unlike antidepressants, which can take weeks to kick in and may trigger negative side effects, such as nausea or weight increase. It is also safe for pregnant women and older adults.

However, some research experts warn that one should not experiment with light therapy without the advice of a psychiatrist or mental health professional because it could cause a manic episode for people with bipolar disorder. Some people may feel tired during the first week, as light therapy can reset their sleep-wake cycle.

PCPs should be aware of new treatments that have been approved by the FDA however, they shouldn't neglect tried-and-true methods like antidepressants or cognitive behavioral therapy. "The search for more effective and innovative treatments is exciting, but we must keep focusing on the most effective therapies," Dr. Hellerstein says to Healio. He suggests that PCPs should concentrate on educating their patients about the advantages of the latest treatments and help them adhere to their treatment strategies. This could include arranging transportation to the doctor's office, or establishing reminders to patients to take their medications and attend therapy sessions.