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Mesothelioma and asbestos case

Asbestos is a mineral that naturally occurs in the form of long, thin fibers. People who are exposed to asbestos risk developing lung diseases, such as mesothelioma.

The symptoms of these diseases may not be evident for a long time after exposure to asbestos. Different types of asbestos can cause different symptoms.

Pleural Mesothelioma

Pleural mesothelioma is a cancer that occurs in the lung's outer liner (pleura). It is the most prevalent mesothelioma type and is responsible for 70 to 79% all diagnosed cases. This condition causes chest discomfort, shortness of breath and a feeling of heaviness.

This type of cancer is usually caused by exposure to asbestos which is a collection of minerals that are made up of microscopic fibres. When inhaled, these fibers cause irritation and DNA mutations. Pleura covers both the chest cavity and the lungs, which means that irritations can also affect the heart. Mesothelioma typically doesn't manifest until 30 to 50 year after exposure.

The most commonly reported symptoms of pleural mesothelioma include chest pain and shortness of breath. Some patients also experience coughing, difficulty breathing, or chest tightness. People with this cancer have a history of disease that includes asbestos exposure at work. The most common jobs that put people at risk of pleural mesothelioma include construction, manufacturing and shipbuilding. People who have served in the military may be at a higher risk due to the frequent asbestos case use in Navy ships and army bunkers.

The most commonly used staging system for pleural mysothelioma has been the TNM (tumor lymph nodes, lymph nodes and metastases) staging system. The stage a patient is in at the moment of diagnosis will determine what treatment plan they should follow. Patients who have pleural mesothelioma which is in stage three or four will have a less favorable prognosis than those in a less advanced stage. Stage four mesothelioma may develop into the liver, heart, or diaphragm. This makes the cancer more difficult to treat and increase the chance of complications for the patient.

Peritoneal Mesothelioma

In contrast to pleural mesothelioma which develops in the lung lining, peritoneal mesothelioma is found in the peritoneum -- a membrane that lines the abdominal cavity as well as organs such as the intestines and liver. Similar to pleural mesothelioma mesothelioma is triggered by asbestos exposure. The disease is much less prevalent than pleural mesothelioma. There are only about 300-500 cases diagnosed each year.

As with pleural mesothelioma symptoms can take a long time to manifest. Patients usually experience abdominal pain, and could also experience a mass in their abdomen. The symptoms of this type of mesothelioma could also include nausea or weight loss, as well as fever. A lot of these symptoms are similar to those of digestive issues, which could lead to incorrect diagnosis.

Generally speaking, doctors can detect mesothelioma by conducting an exhaustive health history and physical exam. Imaging tests such as X-rays or CT scans are a way to identify mesothelioma. These tests can reveal tumors and other cancer signs that aren't evident on X-rays.

The results of these tests allow doctors to diagnose mesothelioma and determine the stage. They can also suggest treatments. The staging is determined by the cell type and whether or whether the cancer has spread to other areas of the body.

Asbestos exposure is the most important risk factor. People who have worked in jobs that involve asbestos, like plumbing electrical work, manufacturing or construction, are at a higher risk of developing the disease. Even if a person isn't employed in any of these areas however, they may be exposed to asbestos to asbestos through family members and other sources. Therefore, anyone who is concerned that they might be at risk should talk to an experienced doctor. If they have any history of exposure to asbestos and mesothelioma is a concern, a specialist will assist them in learning more about the risk.

Risk Factors

Asbestos exposure is the primary risk factor for mesothelioma accounting for up to 80 percent of all cases. Exposure to asbestos can happen as a result of military service, work, or living with people who have worked with asbestos. Asbestos particles can be breathed in by people who are exposed to asbestos. These particles can cause irritation to the linings and trigger cancerous cells to develop in the mesothelium. Mesothelioma may take between 15 and 60 years to develop following exposure to asbestos.

Other risk factors include genetics, smoking and aging. People in their 40s and 50s are at a higher risk of developing mesothelioma as compared to those who are younger or older. It takes mesothelioma between 20 and 60 years to show signs of cancer after the first exposure. It is also important to note that mesothelioma may develop in people who were exposed to asbestos, but did not work with it directly. This is referred to as secondary or indirect asbestos exposure and can be as dangerous as direct Asbestos case exposure.

Smoking increases the chance of mesothelioma because it damages the mesothelium. It also makes it more susceptible. Mesothelioma is also aggravated by certain illnesses such as asbestosis and pneumonia. Men are more likely to develop mesothelioma compared to women. This is because men are more likely to be exposed to asbestos and endure a an extended period of exposure than women. Also, men are more likely to live with someone who was exposed to asbestos and bring stray asbestos fibers home on their clothing. Women tend to have less contact with asbestos and rarely carry asbestos around on their clothes.

Diagnosis

It is difficult to diagnose mesothelioma because its symptoms are often similar to other conditions. Due to this, patients are often misdiagnosed.

The first step to diagnose mesothelioma is for NYU Langone doctors to perform an examination and write down a patient's medical history, including asbestos exposure. Doctors may also request a CT scan or chest X-ray in order to look for lumps, abnormalities, and evidence of asbestos attorney exposure. These include pleural plaques, thickened pleura and calcium deposits.

Other diagnostic tests include a magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI test, which makes use of radio waves and magnets in order to create a series detailed images of inside the body. Another way for doctors to detect mesothelioma is to perform the procedure of a surgical biopsy. In a surgical biopsy doctors remove a small amount of tissue from the peritoneum or pleura for further analysis. A pathologist will then look at the tissue using a magnifying glass to determine if it contains cancerous cells.

The type of mesothelial cell involved, the malignant or benign nature of those cells, as well as the location and stage of the tumour, are used to classify the disease. Some types of mesothelioma have an increased risk of metastasizing or spreading, so it's important to establish a clear diagnosis so doctors can treat it before it gets out-of-control.

Doctors can also run tests in the laboratory on tumors to determine specific proteins, genes, or other factors which can help them identify the characteristics of cancer and plan treatment. These results are referred to as staging.

Treatment

A diagnosis of mesothelioma can be terrifying. It is important to keep in mind, however, that cancer can be treated, particularly in its early stages. Many patients with mesothelioma survive for a long time with the disease without it spreading to other organs of their body.

Asbestos exposure can cause mesothelioma by various mechanisms. Asbestos fibers, too small to see or feel through the naked eye, can become airborne and irritate the lung's lining (pleura). In time, the irritation causes the formation of scar tissue which leads to changes in the structure of cells which eventually lead to tumors.

The pleura surrounds the lungs and the heart, as well as the abdomen. Mesothelium is made up of cells that respond when exposed to asbestos. They cause inflammation to the tissue and cause it to become scarred. These changes can eventually result in malignant mesothelioma tumors.

A shortness of breath, chest discomfort, or the accumulation of fluid on the lungs are all symptoms of pleural msothelioma. In rare instances, the cancer can grow to the tissues surrounding the heart and reproductive organs.

If imaging scans reveal a possible mass in the stomach or lungs, a doctor will order biopsies. During the procedure, doctors remove a small sample of the fluid or tumor for lab tests. The results can confirm the diagnosis of mesothelioma and help determine the most effective treatment plan.

There are a variety of treatment for mesothelioma, including chemotherapy and surgery. The majority of doctors employ a combination of these treatments. Participating in clinical trials of mesothelioma treatments that are new could be beneficial for patients. To find out more, patients should speak with mesothelioma specialists who have experience treating the condition.